PDF《风化煤中腐殖酸的提取及其性能表征》

第11 卷第5期环境工程学报Vol.

11 ,No .

5 2

0 1

7 年5月Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering May

2 0

1 7 基金项目:陕西省科技厅工业科技攻关项目(2015GY168) ;

国家自然科学基金资助项目(21573171) 收稿日期:2016 -

01 - 27;

录用日期:2016 -

03 -

01 第一作者:郭雅妮(1972―) ,女,硕士,教授,研究方向:环境化学与监测. E-mail:guoyani2002@ 163. com ?通信作者 风化煤中腐殖酸的提取及其性能表征 郭雅妮? ,马畅柠,惠[,杨靖,王理明 西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,西安

710048 摘要以陕西黄陵风化煤为原料,分别采用碱溶酸析、氧解法和催化法提取腐殖酸,确定提取的最佳工艺条件,并通过测 定腐殖酸灰分、红外光谱、凝胶色谱和 E4 / E6 值对提取的腐殖酸进行性能表征,考察不同的提取方法对腐殖酸的提取率及 结构的影响. 结果显示,

3 种方法制备的腐殖酸在官能团结构方面没有明显的差异,腐殖酸中含有大量的―COOH 和―CO 官能团;

催化法提取的腐殖酸灰分最多,分子量最大. 实验得到最佳提取腐殖酸的实验方法为催化法,最佳提取工艺为催 化剂选用 NHPI、1 ∶

8 的固液比、0.

5 mol・L -

1 NaOH 碱液和

30 min 的沸水浴时间. 关键词 风化煤;

腐殖酸;

提取;

表征 中图分类号 X705 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1673-9108(2017)05-3153-08 DOI 10.

12030 / j. cjee.

201601216 Humic acid extraction from weathered coal and its properties characterization GUO Yani? ,MA Changning,HUI Fan,YANG Jing,WANG Liming College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Xi′an Polytechnic University, Xi′an 710048, China Abstract By using Huangling weathered coal from the Shaanxi province as the raw material, humic acid from weathered coal was extracted through alkali soluble acid, oxygen, and catalytic methods and the optimum process for humic acid extraction was determined. The properties of humic acid were characterized through ash analyses, infrared chromatography, gel chromatography, and E4 / E6 value determinations. The influence of different extrac- tion methods was assessed in terms of the yield and structure of the humic acid. The results revealed that there were no significant differences in the humic acid functional groups after the raw material was treated with the three extraction methods, and all products contained large numbers of ―COOH and ―CO functional groups. The ash content was the highest and the molecular weight of humic acid was the largest in the product produced with the catalytic method. The catalytic method was found to be optimal for the extraction of humic acid. During the optimum extraction process, an NHPI catalyst was used and the raw material was treated in a 0.

5 mol・L -

1 NaOH solution at a

1 ∶

8 solid-liquid ratio for

30 min in a boiling water bath. Key words weathered coal;

humic acid;

extraction;

characterization 腐殖酸是一种天然大分子芳香族、羟基羧酸的混合物,具有的多种活性基团[1] ,赋予了腐殖酸的多种 功能[2] ,它广泛用于农业、工业、医药、环境保护等各个方面[3-5] . 风化煤是指暴露于地表或位于地表浅层 的煤,俗称露头煤. 我国风化煤储量丰富,且分布广泛[6] ,风化煤中腐殖酸含量较高(30% ~ 80% ). 由于 风化煤热值低,过去一直未将风化煤作为有益矿产资源,任其荒废,污染环境. 若能从风化煤中提取腐殖 酸,则可以实现资源二次利用,创造更多价值[7] . 陕西黄陵地区拥有丰富的风化煤资源但是却得不到有 效利用,因此本文以陕西黄陵风化煤作为原料进行研究以实现废弃资源的二次利用. 目前,提取腐殖酸的方法有很多,包括碱溶酸析法[8-9] 、催化法[10-11] 、氧解法[12] 等,但是不同的提取方 法对提取的腐殖酸的影响不同[13-15] . 采用碱溶酸析法、催化法、氧解法