DOC《研究与技术》

研究与技术 异氰酸酯基封端聚醚改性聚硅氧烷在真丝抗皱整理中的应用 田丽a,c,吴明华a,b,c,邢幽芳a,c (浙江理工大学a.

材料与纺织学院;

b.先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室;

c.生态染整技术教育部工程研究中心,杭州 310018) 摘要:以端含氢硅油与烯丙基聚醚为原料制备端羟基聚醚改性聚硅氧烷,再以二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)改性,制备异氰酸酯基封端聚醚改性聚硅氧烷,并以此作为抗皱整理剂应用于真丝织物抗皱整理.研究端氢聚硅氧烷和烯丙基聚醚的摩尔质量对整理剂表面活性及抗皱性能的影响,优化整理工艺条件,测定整理织物的性能.结果表明:端氢硅油摩尔质量为1

321 g/mol,烯丙基聚醚的摩尔质量为400 g/mol时,整理剂具有良好的表面活性和抗皱效果.整理真丝织物干、湿折皱回复角分别为308°和214°,与环氧改性聚硅氧烷等整理剂整理的织物相比,其抗皱效果更好,强力损伤明显改善,且具有优良的亲水性和柔软性. 关键词:异氰酸酯;

聚醚;

聚硅氧烷;

真丝织物;

抗皱整理 中图分类号:TS195.644 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-7003(2019)00-0000-00 引用页码:051101 收稿日期:2018-11-15;

修回日期:2019-00-00 作者简介:田丽(1993―),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为纺织化学与染整工程.通信作者:吴明华,教授,wmh@zstu.edu.cn. Application of polysiloxane modified by isocyanate terminated polyether in silk anti-wrinkle finishing TIAN Lia,c, WU Minghuaa,b,c, XING Youfanga,c (a. College of Materials and Textiles;

b. Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education;

c. Engineering Research Center for Eco-dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China) Abstract: The polysiloxane modified by hydroxyl terminated polyether was prepared by using silicone oil with the end containing hydrogen and allyl polyether as raw materials, and then modified with the diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) to synthesize the polysiloxane modified by isocyanate terminated polyether. The polysiloxane modified by isocyanate terminated polyether was applied as a finishing agent for the anti-wrinkle finishing of silk fabric. The effects of the molar mass of hydrogen terminated polysiloxane and allyl polyether on the surface activity and the anti-wrinkle performance of the finishing agent were studied. The finishing conditions were optimized and the properties of finished silk fabrics were tested. The results showed that when the molar mass of hydrogen terminated polysiloxane and the molar mass of allyl polyether were

1 321 g/mol and

400 g/mol respectively, the finishing agent had good surface activity and anti-wrinkle performance. Under optimized finishing conditions, the dry and wet wrinkle recovery angles of silk fabric reached 308° and 214° respectively, showing better anti-wrinkle than that of the silk fabric finished with epoxy modified polysiloxane finishing agent. Besides, the finished silk fabric had excellent hydrophilicity and softness with less strength damage. Key words: isocyanate;

polyether;

polysiloxane;

silk fabric;

anti-wrinkle finishing 真丝织物具有手感柔软滑爽、光泽亮丽和吸湿透气等优点,并且穿着舒适[1],深受人们的喜爱.但是真丝织物洗涤后容易起皱的缺陷[2]限制了它的应用,因此真丝织物的抗皱整理已受到越来越多的关注.研究人员最早将树脂整理剂应用于真丝织物的抗皱整理,整理后的织物具有良好的抗皱效果,但其存在甲醛残留的问题,会对人体健康造成损害,因此,无甲醛抗皱整理剂的研发成为了一大热点[3].目前研究较多的无甲醛抗皱整理剂主要有乙二醛类、环氧化合物、多元羧酸类、水性聚氨酯和反应性有机硅等[4-8].其中,反应性有机硅中的环氧基、羧基等反应性基团可以与丝纤维活性基团反应交联,提高真丝织物的抗皱性,同时,聚硅氧烷分子可以改善整理织物因交联产生应力集中而引起的强力下降的问题,使整理织物的强力损伤减小.但单独使用时,织物的耐久压烫性能差.目前已有方雨婷[9]采用环氧改性聚硅氧烷整理剂应用于真丝的抗皱整理,整理后的真丝织物具有较好的抗皱效果.但是环氧基的反应性不是很高,因此其与纤维上的反应性基团发生的交联反应不充分,使得整理织物的抗皱效果不够理想.相对于环氧基,异氰酸酯基反应性更强[10],与真丝织物的交联反应更充分,有望提高真丝的抗皱性能.本文选择异氰酸酯基对聚硅氧烷进行改性,以期整理的织物具有更好的抗皱性能.然而异氰酸酯基反应性强,可与体系中水及任何含有活泼氢的基团发生反应而失去活性[11],因此实验对异氰酸酯基进行封端,使其失去反应性,在真丝织物整理过程中,经高温焙烘,封闭的异氰酸酯基解封,恢复其反应性,与真丝纤维中的羟基、氨基、酚羟基等活性基团发生反应交联,提高整理剂与真丝纤维的交联程度,从而改善真丝织物的抗皱性能.但由于聚硅氧烷的低表面能,疏水性强[12],整理织物亲水性差,而且整理剂乳液稳定性差,因此采用聚醚改性聚硅氧烷,整理剂分子中引入聚醚,赋予整理剂良好的亲水能力和可自乳化性. 综上,本文拟采用端含氢聚硅氧烷与烯丙基聚醚作为反应原料,通过硅氢加成反应制备端羟基聚醚改性聚硅氧烷,再以端羟基聚醚改性聚硅氧烷为原料,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯为改性剂,己内酰胺为封端剂,制备异氰酸酯基封端聚醚改性聚硅氧烷,用于真丝织物的抗皱整理.研究端氢硅油摩尔质量、烯丙基聚醚摩尔质量对整理剂表面活性及整理织物抗皱性能的影响,优化整理工艺条件,测定整理织物的性能,并与市面上的环氧改性聚硅氧烷整理剂、柠檬酸、乙二醛抗皱整理剂的整理效果进行对比.