PDF《王登甲陕西关中乡域中小学教室冬季热舒适调查研究》

第48 卷第2期西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版) Vol.

48 No.2

2016 年4月J.Xi'

an Univ. of Arch.&

Tech. (Natural Science Edition) Apr.

2016 收稿日期:2015-07-09 修改稿日期:2016-04-07 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目资助(51408462, 51378411) ;

教育部博士点专项基金项目资助(20136120120003) ;

陕西省重点科技创新团队基金 项目资助(2014KCT-01) 作者简介:王登甲 (1984?),男,博士,副教授. 主要从事建筑热环境调节与太阳能采暖研究.Email:wangdengjia@xauat.edu.cn DOI:10.15986/j.1006-7930.2016.02.

023 陕西关中乡域中小学教室冬季热舒适调查研究 王登甲

1 ,王晗旭

1 ,刘艳峰

1 ,刘加平

2 (1.西安建筑科技大学环境学院,陕西 西安 710055;

2. 西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,陕西 西安 710055) 摘要:对陕西关中地区

4 所乡域中小学校

14 间教室冬季室内温湿度、空气流速、黑球温度等参数进行了现场测试,并以问 卷方式调查了中小学生的着装情况及对热环境的主观评价等. 对调查测试结果进行统计回归, 获得该地区中小学生冬季热中 性温度为 14.4℃,热期望温度为 15.3℃,80%学生可接受的温度下限为 10.6℃,90%学生感到满意的舒适温度范围为 12.7~16.9℃.结果表明在当地气候条件及学生衣着、心理期望、生理特性等因素综合影响下,中小学生对冷环境形成了较强 的适应性, 根据该实际情况给出了可预测中小学生平均热感觉的 aPMV 适应性模型, 自适应系数 λ= -0.42 (PMV0).研究所得各类温度及自适应模型对陕西关中地区乡域中小学教室内热环境设计与评价提供依据. 关键词:中小学教室;

热环境;

热舒适;

现场调查;

aPMV 中图分类号:TU119 文献标志码:A 文章编号: 1006-7930(2016)02-0277-05 Field study on thermal comfort of township and villages primary and secondary classrooms in winter in Guanzhong region, Shaanxi province WANG Dengjia1 , WANG Hanxu1 , LIU Yanfeng1 , LIU Jiaping2 (1. School of Environment, Xi'

an University of Architecture &

Technology, Xi'

an 710055, China;

2. School of Architecture, Xi'

an University of Architecture &

Technology, Xi'

an 710055, China) Abstract: Field survey is made about the winter indoor temperature, air velocity and black ball temperature of

14 classrooms in

4 township primary and secondary schools in mid-Shaanxi Province, and a questionnaire survey is also made on the dressing condition and subjective evaluation of thermal environment of students in these schools. Through the analysis of the survey results, the ac- ceptable neutral temperature of the students in winter is 14.4℃, and the preferred temperature is 15.3℃. The lowest temperature that 80% students can accept is 10.6℃ and the thermal comfort temperature range that 90% students feel satisfied is 12.7~16.9℃. The results show that the primary school students formed a strong sense of adaptability to the local climate conditions influenced by the factors such as the students'

dressing condition, psychological expectation and physical characters. According to the actual condition of the experiment, we figure out the predictable adaptive aPMV model that can predict the primary and secondary students'

mean thermal sense, adaptive coefficient λ=-0.42 (PMV0) . The different kinds of temperature and the adaptive model getting from the research provided the basis about the indoor thermal environment design and evaluation of primary and secondary schools in Guanzhong regionof Shaanxi province. Key words: primary schools;