PDF《逆变器开关管变驱动电流技术研究》

第3期逆变器在新能源发电、交通和电力系统等领域 有广泛的研究和应用[1] .

研究高效率的逆变器一直 是行业的重点,尤其在光伏逆变器领域. 与逆变器 效率相关的因素可分为

4 类: ①电路设计因素,从 主电路拓扑的选择到具体的开关管、 二极管的选 择,磁性器件的设计以及驱动电路的设计[2] ;

②PCB 因素,PCB 的布局和走线带来的寄生电感和寄生电 容等[3] ;

③控制因素,控制和调制算法对电流波形及 开关电流的影响[4鄄5] ;

④外部因素,输入电压、输出电 收稿日期:2017鄄05鄄26;

修回日期:2019鄄01鄄03 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51467005);

江西省 自然科学基金资助项目(2018BAB206033) Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51467005);

Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Provin鄄ce(2018BAB206033) DOI:10.13234/j.issn.2095鄄2805.2019.3.133 中图分类号:TM46 文献标志码:A 逆变器开关管变驱动电流技术研究 袁义生,邱志卓,钟青峰,袁世英 (华东交通大学电气与自动化工程学院,南昌 330013) 摘要:传统的逆变器驱动电路中,驱动电流是按开关管最大关断电流下的最高电压尖峰来设计且是固定的,但 在最大关断电流以下的工作状态,关断电压尖峰较小,IGBT 有较大的安全电压裕量,牺牲了器件效率. 为此提出一 种逆变器变驱动电流技术及电路. 该电路的驱动关断电流随开关管关断电流的下降而上升,提高了开关管在全负 载范围下的关断速度,降低了 IGBT 的关断损耗.设计的原则是,关断电压尖峰不会超过最大允许值,且调节是实时 进行的.讨论了关断电压尖峰与关断电流、驱动电流和漏感之间的关系.在一个

230 V DC 输入/80 V AC 交流输出/

500 W 额定负载的单相半桥逆变器上进行测试,结果表明采用所提驱动电路,额定负载下效率较传统驱动提升近 0.7%,实现了驱动电路的优化. 关键词:驱动电路;

关断损耗;

电压尖峰;

逆变器 Research on Changeable Driving鄄current Technology of Switches for Inverters YUAN Yisheng, QIU Zhizhuo, ZHONG Qingfeng, YUAN Shiying (School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China) Abstract: In the traditional inverter drive circuit, the driving current is designed according to the spike voltage as the power switch is turned off at the maximum value, and the value of current is fixed. However, under the working condition where the current is below its maximum turn鄄off value, the spike of turn鄄off voltage will be smaller, thus IGBT will have a larger voltage margin at the cost of the device'

s efficiency. To solve this problem, a changeable driving鄄current technology for inverters and the corresponding circuit are proposed. The turn鄄off current of the drive circuit increases with the decrease in the power switch'

s turn鄄off current, thus improving the power switch'

s turn鄄off speed under a full鄄load condition and reducing the turn鄄off loss of IGBT. The principle is that the spike of turn鄄off voltage will not exceed the maximum allowable value, while the regulation is conducted in real time. In addition, the relations of the spike of turn鄄off voltage versus turn鄄off current and the drive current versus leakage inductance are discussed. Finally, tests were conducted on a single鄄phase half鄄bridge converter with

230 V DC input voltage,

80 V AC output voltage, and