PDF《郑连斌新疆不同地区维吾尔族眼部特征多态性研究》

收稿日期:2014-05-16;

定稿日期:2014-10-18 基金项目:中央民族大学 "985 工程 " 项目(MUC985-9) 作者简介:王斌(1964-),男,汉族,黑龙江省肇东市人,高级实验师,生物人类学博士,主要从事生物人类学、医学人类 学研究.

E-mail:binwang1103@126.com Citation: Wang B, Yang SM. Polymorphisms of the Uygur People's Ocular Features from Different Regions of Xinjiang[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2015, 34(2): 253-259 新疆不同地区维吾尔族眼部特征多态性研究 王斌1,杨圣敏

2 1. 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京 100081;

2. 中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院,北京

100081 摘要:在新疆维吾尔自治区内,不同地区的维吾尔族呈现不同颜色的眼色,以黑褐色为主,平均出现 率为 90.45%;

各类浅颜色眼色(天蓝色、灰色、浅绿色、浅黄色)均有一定的出现率,平均出现率为 9.55%.从东部 ( 哈密地区 ) 到西部(喀什地区),浅颜色眼色出现率逐渐增加.维吾尔族眉毛生长发育 较好,有较高的连眉发生率,从东部到西部眉毛生长逐渐浓密,连眉发生率逐渐增加.上眼睑皱褶表型 频率较高,平均 62.07%,从东部到西部逐渐下降.内眦褶表型频率平均 48.63%,从东部到西部逐渐减少. 维吾尔族的眼部特征具有明显的本民族特点,各项指标均介于北亚蒙古人种和欧罗巴人种之间.不同地 区的维吾尔族眼部特征表现出一定的差异,并呈从东部到西部逐渐变化的趋势.维吾尔族所表现出的眼 部特征与近现代维吾尔族形成的人种构成和演化过程相吻合. 关键词:维吾尔族;

眼色;

眼眉;

上眼睑皱褶;

内眦褶 中图法分类号 : Q983+ .1;

文献标识码 : A;

文章编号 :1000-3193(2015)02-0253-07 Polymorphisms of the Uygur People's Ocular Features from Different Regions of Xinjiang WANG Bin1 , YANG Shengmin2 1. Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081;

2. Institute of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China, Beijing,

100081 Abstract: Uygur people from different parts of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region show various eye colors, the majority of which are dark brown appearing 90.45% of the time. Other kinds of light colored eyes (sky blue, gray, light green, light yellow) have appearance rates that average 9.55%. In general, the appearance frequency of light colored eyes gradually increases from east (Hami) to west (Kashgar). The eyebrows of Uygur people grow pretty well and have a relatively high rate of eyebrow connection. From east to west, Uygur people's eyebrows gradually appear to be bushier and have higher frequency of connection. Among all Uygur peoples, upper eyelid folds have relatively high frequency that average to 62.07%, gradually DOI: 10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2015.0026 ? ?

254 ?

34 卷图1新疆维吾尔自治区地图(标注为调查采样地点 ) Fig.1 Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region map (investigated and sampled regions) 疆、其次是东疆,即塔里木盆地、吐 鲁番盆地和哈密盆地周边,天山以北 的维吾尔族多是后期来自南疆和东疆 维吾尔族的移民 [2] .本次调查是遵循 史料和现状而确定的调查地点和调查 人群.具体调查采样地点为:哈密市、 吐鲁番市、库车县、喀什市、和田市、 且末县和若羌县.上述调查地点在新 疆维吾尔自治区内的地理分布如图 1[3] .现场随机询问,选择三代以上生 活在被调查地区、家族内无与外族通 婚史的维吾尔族成年人(18~45 岁) 为调查对象. decreasing from east to west, while inner canthal folds have a lower frequency with an average 48.63%, gradually falling from east to west. In conclusion, the ocular features of the Uygur people are characteristic of their national identity. All investigated indices of their eyes have values that are inbetween that of the northern Mongolian and Europeans. These ocular features shown by modern Uygur people coincide with their ethnic composition and evolutionary path of their ancestors. Key words: Uygur;