PDF《润滑选择》

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使用场合影响 开式传动如各类联合收割机、割晒机等链条 应采用油脂润滑. 闭式传动如手扶拖拉机链条传动箱,应采用 机油润滑. 2.温度影响 一般推荐在-5℃~+60℃范围内使用润滑. 冬季采用粘度小的机油,夏季采用粘度大的 机油. 3.线速度影响 润滑方式直接与链条线速度有关,可参照下 图选择润滑方式. 链条线速度(米/秒)Chain speed(m/s)

15 12.5

10 8

6 5

4 2.5

2 1.75 1.5 1.25

1 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.25

8 9.525 12.7 15.87519.05 25.4 31.7544.45 50.8 63.5 76.2 1. 强制润滑 Forced lubrication 2. 油环润滑 Lubrication by slinger disk 4. 人工润滑或滴油润滑 Manual or dripping lubrication 3. 油池润滑 Oil bath lubrication Lubrication of chain depends on the working environment, temperature, chain speed and so on. 1. Influence of working environment For open drive such as combine chain, swather chain etc., grease lubrication is recommended. For closed drive such as walking tractor chain transmission case etc., oil lubrication is recommended. 2. Influence of temperature Application in the temperature range of -5℃ to +60℃ is recommended. In winter, lower viscosity oil is recommended;

But in summer, higher viscosity oil is recommended. 3. Influence of chain speed The lubrication method is related to chain speed. Refer to the following chart for details, please. 链条传动的润滑取决于使用场合、 温度、链条线速度等. 润滑选择 Selection of lubrication www.dhchain.com

576 东华链条集团 DONGHUA CHAIN GROUP 链传动的润滑 Lubrication 润滑和有效性 Lubrication and efficiency 运行在链轮上的链条由于销轴处铰链的相 对回转而产生磨损.因此有效的润滑就显得至 关重要,其不仅可以有效降低磨损且能降低功 率损耗和噪音. Wear is mainly caused by bearing pressure, angle-sliding movements of the pins and rotation of the rollers etc.. Effective lubrica- tion of the chain hinges is utmost important for reducing wear, power loss and noise etc. effectively. 当摩擦副表面变色时表明润滑已失效,在 此之前应进行再次润滑. 具体的润滑失效间隔时间应依据特定的工 况和运行条件进行试验测定. 右图显示了润滑有效性随运行时间的变化 Relubrication shall be done before discoloration of the rub surface which indicates the lubrication failure of the former lubrication.The specific lubrication intervals shall be determined by tests based on specific conditions and running conditions. The right graph shows the efficiency of lubrication decrease with operating time. 曲线1: 干摩擦;

链条由于干摩擦引起严重磨损而致使 其短时间内迅速磨损失效 曲线2: 仅有初始润滑;

链条因仅有初始润滑,故其磨 损在润滑剂用完迅速增加 曲线3: 人工润滑;

链条因人工润滑而频繁产生间歇性 干摩擦,特别是在人工润滑不能符合润滑周期 要求时 曲线4: 不恰当的润滑;

链条被使用了不恰当的润滑, 比如劣等、脏的、不合适的粘度或不足的润滑 剂,而引起的链条不均匀摩擦 曲线5: 正确的润滑;

可以看出其对链条使用寿命的至 关重要性 Curve 1: Without lubrication. Chain would be worn out and destroyed within a very short time. Curve 2: Optimum initial lubrication only. High wear would occur within a short time after the lubricant has been used up. Curve 3: Manual lubrication. Intermittent dry rub frequently occurs, especially when regular periodical relubrication is not well implemented. Curve 4: Incorrect lubrication. Uneven chain wear results from incorrect lubrication. Curve 5: Correct lubrication. The right lubrication is the utmost important to obtain a optimum service life.

90 92

96 94

98 100 运行时间t Operating time 润滑有效性% Lubrication efficiency %

1 2

3 1

2 4

3 5 链条磨损伸长率% Chain elongation % 运行时间t Operating time 润滑选择 Selection of lubrication www.dhchain.com

577 东华链条集团 DONGHUA CHAIN GROUP 润滑剂 Lubricant 推荐的不同工作温度下的润滑剂应具备的粘度 Recommended viscosity 润滑剂的选择首先取决于润滑方式. First of all, the selection of an appropriate lubricant depends on the type of lubrica- tion. 如右图所示,低粘度的矿物油特别适合链 传动 Just as the right diagram shows, low viscosity mineral oils are particularly suitable for chain drives. 若使用温度更高(如炉箱链)或使用环境 很恶劣、泥浆四溅等开式或重载低速链传动 时,二硫化物(MoS2,WS2)或硒化物 (MoSe2,WSe2)无论是用作添加剂还是 直接喷润都能提高润滑性能. 低粘度或滴点在70℃左右的润滑脂同样适 用于人工润滑.在某些特殊的场合使用液化的 润滑脂进行喷润.不稳定的物质挥发完后即可 开始工作. 无论采用何种润滑剂和润滑方式,最重要 的问题是使润滑剂能及时充分均匀的分布到构 成摩擦副的链节铰链处的间隙中(销轴-套筒 之间,套筒-滚子之间). For higher temperatures (e.g. furnace chains) or severe operating conditions, mud spattering open-type etc. or heavy-duty low speed chains, graphite or molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) applied either as additive or spray will improve lubrication performance. Low-viscosity or the grease products with a drop point of 70°C are also suitable for manual lubrication. Liquidized grease may be sprayed on the chains in special conditions and chains can start running immediately after the evaporation of the volatile carrier substance. No matter which kind of lubricants and lubrication methods choosed, the most important issue is to ensure the lubricant flow into evenly (between pin and bush, between bush and roller). Ambient temperature ℃ 环境温度 Viscosity of lubricant 润滑剂粘度 0.1

0 0.2 0.3 运行时间t Operating time 链条磨损伸长率% Chain elongation % 不上油 not lubricated 油脂润滑 grease lubrication 矿物油润滑 mineral oil lubrication a) 错误的给油方式 Incorrect method b) 正确的给油方式 Correct method -5℃~+25℃ N100 (ISO VG 100) N150 (ISO VG 150) N220 (ISO VG 220) +25℃~+45℃ +45℃~+60℃ 润滑选择 Selection of lubrication www.dhchain.com

578 东华链条集团 DONGHUA CHAIN GROUP 润滑方式选择 Selection of lubrication method 常见的润滑方式大约有以下5种: Normally, there are five lubrication methods as below: 1.人工润滑 用刷子或油壶定期在链条松边内外链板间隙 处加油.这种方式可靠性不高,因此仅适用于 非经常工作的链条或低速二级传动中.至少应 每天充分润滑一次(若条件允许,应每隔8小 时注油一次),应尽可能避免产生润滑剂的变 色现象. 1. Manual lubrication This type of lubrication by means of oil can and brush, which adding lubricant into the gap between outer and inner link plate of chain loose side periodically is not very safe and therefore this type lubrication only suitable for those chains with occasional operation or for those secondary drives and low chain speeds. Sufficient lubrication should take place at least once a day (if possible once every

8 running hours). Lubricant colouration should be avoided as far as possible. 3. 油池润滑(亦称油浴润滑) 在一个大小合适的链箱中(使用过的已磨损 伸长的链条不应能撞击到箱边)拥有足够的润 滑油以使链板边至滚子或套筒处能浸入,但浸 入不宜过浅或过深.浸入过浅则润滑不可靠;

浸入过深则油易发热氧化变质且搅油损失大. 3. Oil bath lubrication (submerged lubrication) There is just enough oil in a proper chain box for preventing the worn and elongated chain knocking against the casing wall to allow the chain plates to submerge into the bath up to the rollers or the bushings respectively. But immersion should not be too deep or too shallow .........